js如何調用電腦的攝像頭

閑來無事，用js寫了一個調用攝像頭的demo，並用canvas顯示保存。這個功能很實用，比如上傳用戶的頭像，即時拍照及時上傳。

Html:

  <video width="200px" height="150px"></video>
    <canvas width="200px" height="150px"></canvas>
    <p>
        <button id="start">打開攝像頭</button>
        <button id="snap">截取圖像</button>
        <button id="close">關閉攝像頭</button>
    </p>

JavaScript:

 window.onload = function () {
            var canvas = document.getElementsByTagName('canvas')[0],
                context = canvas.getContext('2d'),
                video = document.getElementsByTagName("video")[0],
                snap = document.getElementById("snap"),
                close = document.getElementById("close"),
                start = document.getElementById("start"),
                MediaStreamTrack;
            start.addEventListener('click', function () {
                if (navigator.mediaDevices && navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia) {
                    navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia({
                        video: true,
                        audio: true
                    }).then(function (stream) {
                        console.log(stream);
                        MediaStreamTrack=typeof stream.stop==='function'?stream:stream.getTracks()[1];
                        video.src=(window.URL).createObjectURL(stream);
                        video.play();
                    }).catch(function(err){
                        console.log(err);
                    });
                }else if(navigator.getMedia){
                    navigator.getMedia({
                        video: true
                    }).then(function (stream) {
                        console.log(stream);
                        MediaStreamTrack=stream.getTracks()[1];
                        video.src=(window.webkitURL).createObjectURL(stream);
                        video.play();
                    }).catch(function(err){
                        console.log(err);
                    });
                }
            });
            snap.addEventListener('click', function () {
                context.drawImage(video, 0, 0,200,150);
            });
            close.addEventListener('click', function () {
                MediaStreamTrack && MediaStreamTrack.stop();
            });
        }

總結：上面這個Demo主要用到瀏覽器的攝像頭組件，然後再將圖片源賦給canvas。其中遇到一個坑：代碼需要托管到伺服器端，即在客戶端訪問才能調用瀏覽器成功。這種禁止本地調用的做法可能是出於瀏覽器的安全性和用戶的隱私考慮。