ssh無密登錄_集群分發腳本xsync

1、ssh免密登錄

ssh ip地址

    [root@192 ~]# ssh 192.168.1.102
    [email protected]'s password: 
    Last login: Mon Feb 18 20:40:28 2019 from 192.168.1.101

免密登錄配置

生成公鑰和私鑰

    [root@192 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa 
    Generating public/private rsa key pair.
    Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
    Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
    Enter same passphrase again: 
    Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
    Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
    The key fingerprint is:
    d4:95:6c:a8:21:9b:27:62:79:43:76:e8:4b:32:6c:fe [email protected]
    The key's randomart image is:
    +--[ RSA 2048]----+
    |       .   o..   |
    |      = o...+    |
    |   . = =.o..     |
    |    O O.o        |
    |   + * =S        |
    |    . .          |
    |     .           |
    |      E          |
    |                 |
    +-----------------+
    [root@192 ~]# ls /root/.ssh/
    id_rsa  id_rsa.pub

將公鑰拷貝到要免密登錄的目標機器上

.ssh文件夾下（~/.ssh）的文件功能解釋
（1）known_hosts ：記錄ssh訪問過電腦的公鑰(public key)
（2）id_rsa ：生成的私鑰
（3）id_rsa.pub ：生成的公鑰
（4）authorized_keys ：存放授權過得無密登錄伺服器公鑰

    [root@192 ~]# hostname 
    192.168.1.101
    [root@192 ~]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.1.102
    The authenticity of host '192.168.1.102 (192.168.1.102)' can't be established.
    RSA key fingerprint is 56:57:4c:81:94:e0:47:fe:1e:aa:8c:9c:2a:87:a6:dc.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
    Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.102' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
    [email protected]'s password: 
    Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh '192.168.1.102'", and check in:
    
      .ssh/authorized_keys
    
    to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.
    
    [root@192 ~]# ls /root/.ssh/
    id_rsa  id_rsa.pub  known_hosts
    [root@192 ~]# ssh 192.168.1.102
    Last login: Mon Feb 18 22:50:53 2019 from 192.168.1.101
    [root@192 ~]# ls /root/.ssh/
    authorized_keys

2、集群分發腳本xsync

伺服器與伺服器數據拷貝

rsync和scp區別：用rsync做文件的複製要比scp的速度快，rsync只對差異文件做更新。scp是把所有文件都複製過去。

scp

    [root@192 ~]# scp -r /tmp/1.txt  [email protected]:/tmp/
    1.txt   

rsync

選項 功能
-r 遞歸
-v 顯示覆制過程
-l 拷貝符號連接

    [root@192 ~]# rsync -rvl /tmp/2.txt [email protected]:/tmp/
    sending incremental file list
    2.txt
    
    sent 84 bytes  received 31 bytes  76.67 bytes/sec
    total size is 13  speedup is 0.11

集群分發腳本xsync

[root@192 ~]# mkdir bin
[root@192 ~]# cd bin/
[root@192 bin]# touch xsync
[root@192 bin]# vim xsync
[root@192 bin]# chmod 777 xsync 

    #!/bin/bash
    #1 獲取輸入參數個數，如果沒有參數，直接退出
    pcount=$#
    if((pcount==0)); then
    echo no args;
    exit;
    fi
    
    #2 獲取文件名稱
    p1=$1
    fname=`basename $p1`
    echo fname=$fname
    
    #3 獲取上級目錄到絕對路徑
    pdir=`cd -P $(dirname $p1); pwd`
    echo pdir=$pdir
    
    #4 獲取當前用戶名稱
    user=`whoami`
    
    #5 迴圈
    for((host=102; host<104; host++)); do
            echo --------------------- 192.168.1.$host ----------------
            rsync -rvl $pdir/$fname [email protected].$host:$pdir
            #echo  ------"rsync -rvl $pdir/$fname [email protected].$host:$pdir complete"------------
    
    
    done

xsync調用

    [root@192 bin]# xsync /tmp/1.txt /tmp/
    fname=1.txt
    pdir=/tmp
    --------------------- 192.168.1.102 ----------------
    sending incremental file list
    1.txt
    
    sent 516 bytes  received 31 bytes  364.67 bytes/sec
    total size is 445  speedup is 0.81
    --------------------- 192.168.1.103 ----------------
    The authenticity of host '192.168.1.103 (192.168.1.103)' can't be established.
    RSA key fingerprint is 56:57:4c:81:94:e0:47:fe:1e:aa:8c:9c:2a:87:a6:dc.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
    Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.103' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
    [email protected]'s password: 
    sending incremental file list
    1.txt
    
    sent 71 bytes  received 37 bytes  5.84 bytes/sec
    total size is 445  speedup is 4.12